Drainage devices, valves, or MIGS (Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery) are an innovative treatment option for glaucoma, an eye disease that can damage the optic nerve and lead to vision loss if untreated. These devices are surgically implanted in the eye to help control elevated intraocular pressure, which is the primary cause of glaucoma.

When Are Drainage Devices, Valves, or MIGS Used?

Drainage devices, valves, or MIGS are considered when other glaucoma treatments, such as medications or traditional surgery (trabeculectomy or deep sclerectomy), have been ineffective or are not suitable for the patient. This may be due to various factors, including:

  • Severe or Complex Glaucoma: When intraocular pressure is extremely high or the disease is in an advanced stage.
  • Damage to the Eye’s Natural Drainage System: If the eye’s natural drainage system is damaged or blocked by scarring or inflammation.
  • Certain Eye Conditions: In patients with eye conditions such as cataracts or prior eye surgery.

How Do Drainage Devices, Valves, or MIGS Work?

Drainage devices, valves, or MIGS create a new drainage pathway for aqueous humor, the fluid that fills the eye and can increase intraocular pressure when in excess. This drainage pathway can be:

  • A Small Tube: The tube connects the anterior chamber of the eye (the space in front of the iris and pupil) to a reservoir beneath the conjunctiva (the white membrane covering the eye).
  • A Valve: The valve regulates the flow of aqueous humor to prevent intraocular pressure from dropping too low.

Types of Drainage Devices, Valves, or MIGS

There are several types of drainage devices, valves, or MIGS, each with its own characteristics and advantages:

  • Ahmed Implant: The most common, featuring a tube and an adjustable valve.
  • Molteno Implant: Valve-free, ideal for certain cases like closed-angle glaucoma.
  • iStent Xpress: A small stent implanted in Schlemm’s canal, the eye’s natural drainage system.

Benefits of Drainage Devices, Valves, or MIGS

This treatment offers several benefits compared to traditional glaucoma surgery:

  • Minimally Invasive Procedure: Less traumatic for the eye, with a quicker recovery time.
  • Long-term Effectiveness: Effective control of intraocular pressure in most cases.
  • Lower Risk of Complications: Reduces the risk of infections, cataracts, and other postoperative issues.
  • Improved Quality of Life: Preserves vision and alleviates glaucoma symptoms.