Intraocular tumors are abnormal growths of tissue that develop inside the eye, affecting the retina, choroid, or other ocular structures. These tumors can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) and can affect people of all ages, although they are more common in adults.
Types of Intraocular Tumors:
- Uveal Melanoma: The most common type, developing in the middle layer of the eye (choroid). It can cause symptoms such as blurred vision, loss of peripheral vision, and dark spots in the visual field.
- Retinoblastoma: A malignant tumor that primarily affects children, originating from retinal cells. It may cause an abnormal white pupil (leukocoria), strabismus, and vision loss.
- Choroidal Nevus: Benign tumors that form in the middle layer of the eye. They usually do not cause visual problems, but in some cases, they may grow and affect vision.
- Other Tumors: Less common intraocular tumors include hemangiomas, osteomas, and lymphomas.
Symptoms of Intraocular Tumors:
The symptoms of intraocular tumors can vary depending on the type, size, and location of the tumor. Some general symptoms include:
- Blurred or distorted vision
- Loss of peripheral vision
- Dark spots or floaters in the visual field
- Poor night vision
- Eye pain
- Eye redness or inflammation
- Abnormal white pupil (in the case of retinoblastoma)
Diagnòstic dels tumors intraoculars:
For an accurate diagnosis of intraocular tumors, a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination is performed, including a retinal exam with pupil dilation. In some cases, additional imaging tests, such as ocular ultrasound, fluorescein angiography, or optical coherence tomography (OCT), may be conducted. If cancer is suspected, an ocular biopsy may also be performed to confirm the diagnosis.
